The Kite Runner An Afghanistan Story - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 834 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/06/14 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: The Kite Runner Essay Did you like this example? This story begins with a flash back. Since the starting, by the novel style, clarifies that critical occasions occurred in the protagonistrs past; which is presently causing issues down the road for him. The writer utilizes some quotes in the piece to portend and indication to the peruser about what might come later. The book, set out of sight of Afghanistan, spins around the kinship of two individuals, Amir and Hassan. Amir is conceived in a Muslim family. Then again, Hassan has a place with the Hazara clan which is aggrieved in Afghanistan for its Shiite religious introduction. Added to this religious disgrace is his family history with a dad who is a worthless person and a mother who is seen in the public arena as a lady of simple ideals. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Kite Runner: An Afghanistan Story" essay for you Create order Amir the main character, and Hassan his servant/brother. In the beginning Hassan and Amirrs relationship was one of brotherly love despite the fact that Hassan was a Hazara and Amir a Pashtun. Back in the 1970rs race and religion played a big part in Kabul and these two races were not suppose to have relationships unless it was owner (Pashtun) and servant (Hazara). Baba Amirrs father had an affair with Hassanrs mother, but it was kept a secret until one day Rahim Khan letrs Amir know the whole truth. Hassan a loving, and loyal servant to Amir sacrifices himself many times for Amir, while Amir was disloyal, and cruel. Thus, he winds up selling out him by and by and got precisely what he needed: Hassan and his dad gone from his home. In this manner, existence with Baba was not what he had trusted as he wound up feeling surprisingly more terrible. Encourage in the novel, they moved to the U.S to have a new beginning. This was because of the Talibans ascent to control; something that definitely changed Afghan culture, for the more regrettable. In the wake of building up another life in the U.S., Amir is all of a sudden looked with a call from an old friend, Rahim Khan. At that point, he goes to Pakistan, where his friend offers him an opportunity to present appropriate reparations in light of his past: I need you to go to Kabul. This statement has a great deal meaning. To begin with, infers that Amir returns to where he was brought up, which he choose to go to the United States. Additionally, it was Rahim Khan instructing him to go spare Sohrab from a halfway house in Kabul and after that convey him to Pakistan. Amir immediately felt this demand was a risk to soundness he was getting a charge out of after an existence of progress and he was reconstituting existence with another spouse and another family and vocation that he specified in a statement. Amir was unmistakably apprehensive, however the reason he quits talking is on account of he realizes that he needs to spare Sohrab in light of the fact that he was truly his half nephew. In the opportunity that he have, Amir went to Kabul. There, he saw the Taliban out of the blue and went to the orphanage to get Sohrab. Turns out, the kid had been taken by the Taliban multi month sooner. So Amir was very mad tha went to the Taliban chief home. He went inside and sat tight for the leader. In the wake of talking for some time, the Taliban stunned AmirWhat did you think? That youd put on a fake beard and I wouldnt recognize you? Here, Amir realized that he was in a problem because the taliban leader was Assef, his all time enemy. Additionally he also know that he is a very big problem because Assef is a vengeful person, along these lines, there was no chance he would get away from that house safe. While getting totally beaten by Assef, Amir began to laugh because of the fact that after such a long time, he at long last felt free; this is on account of he had gotten the discipline he deserved. The author presents yet another issue on Amits path. There was no orphanage with an American couple in Pakistan as Rahim Khan had promised. So, he knew he could mot leave his half-nephew there to live a horrible life. Amir tried to take him to the United States, but was told by a man at the US embassy in Pakistan that it was not realistic: Your petition to adopt tis young fellow Give it up. Thats my advice to you days later, he promised Sohrab that there was a way he could come with him to the United States. Stay in a Pakistani orphanage for a while until they could get him out of the country. Sohrab was so traumatized by the sexual abuses and temple live conditions he had experienced that he tried to commit suicide in the bathroom, Amir finally took him to America mission and had been completed.

A Separate Peace - 1959 Words

In John Knowles’ novel A Separate Peace, it begins with the protagonist, Gene Forrester coming back to his alma mater the Devon School in New Hampshire. Wandering through the campus, Gene makes his way to a tall tree by the river; the reason for his return. From here he takes the reader back to the year 1942 during World War II when he was in high school. During the summer session of 1942, he becomes close friends with his daredevil roommate Finny. Finny is able to convince Gene into making a dangerous jump out of a tree into a river, and the two start a secret society based on this ritual. Gene slowly begins to envy Finny’s athletic capabilities and his innocence, and thinks that Finny envies him in return. Gene finally realizes†¦show more content†¦A more obvious way of seeing his leadership is the way that he is described as â€Å"the hub of the class† (87). Hub is a synonym for the center of something, or the heart and core. If someone is descr ibed as the hub of the class, then it means that they are the person that keeps the class together. The final way I was able to see Brinker’s leadership was towards the end of the book. Even though he had transformed to a more rebellious way, there was still a sign of his authority when he had arranged the trial in the Assembly Hall. His wanting to know the truth that was hidden from him drove him to hold the meeting in order to find it. Gene is definitely a dynamic and round character unlike Brinker who is a static and flat character. Gene changes very significantly in the story. He struggled a lot with finding himself and his identity, so much that he believes that he is a part of Phineas. Oddly enough, this sort of makes sense. One way to think about it is the guilt – Gene was so disgusted with himself for having caused Finnys accident that he cant bear to be himself, so he becomes someone else: Phineas. Another explanation is that because the struggle to define him is so difficult, he’s simply borrowed someone elses identity instead of creating one for himself. But once Finny is gone, Gene has to rely on himself to make decisions and make up his own rules. At the end of the novel as Gene is reflecting fifteen years later, he says that â€Å"[his warShow MoreRelatedEssay On A Separate Peace1916 Words   |  8 PagesA Separate Peace Honors English Essay By Devin E. Price From juvenility to maturity, A Separate Peace combines classic American Literature with a thoughtful plot-line that is developed to affect the readers’ mind and heart. The author, John Knowles of Fairmont, West Virginia, had one clear purpose for writing this book. This purpose was to show the disastrous mental and physical problems which arise as the result of war, specifically the repercussions they have on the home front. A goodRead More A Separate Peace Essay753 Words   |  4 Pages A Separate Peace Dealing with enemies has been a problem since the beginning of time. â€Å"I never killed anybody,† Gene had commented later in his life, â€Å"And I never developed an intense level of hatred for the enemy. Because my war ended before I ever put on a uniform, I was on active duty all my time at Devon; I killed my enemy there.† In A Separate Peace, by John Knowles, the value of dealing with enemies is shown by Gene, who was dealing with few human enemies, but his emotions created far greaterRead MoreSummary Of A Separate Peace1859 Words   |  8 PagesJoseph Post Mrs. Weber    English 9 Honors, Period 2    Oct 10, 2017 Chapter 7, A Separate Peace Summary  Ã‚  Ã‚   In chapter 7 of the novel, A Separate Peace, written by John Knowles, Gene gets to know Brinker a little more, making him come out of his shell that he was in because of the absence of Phineas. He and Brinker like to joke around a lot, and one day, Gene feels like it was too serious. One day, they went down to the butt room, because they felt like a smoke, and while Brinker was fooling aroundRead MoreA Separate Peace Essay examples1290 Words   |  6 PagesBrittany Schafer September 21, 2012 Period 4 A Separate Peace Final Draft In the novel A Separate Peace by John Knowles, it relates to a complicated friendship of two young boys Gene and Phineas. Gene is jealous of Phineas’ achievements and lets his anger destroy their relationship. The boys at Devon in the summer of 1942 have to deal with the fear World War II brings. Each time the boys feel safe and peaceful, reality sets in and reminds them of the warfare around them. The boy’s mentalRead MoreA Separate Peace, by John Knowles1079 Words   |  5 Pagesaggressive nature of the people often cause it to proceed without justification. In A Separate Peace, wars such as these are seen between the characters and within the characters of Gene and Phineas. These wars can be thought of as figments of imagination, founded on irrational assumptions, fears of the unknown, and nonexistent threats. Regardless of their origin, the enemy is always daunting. John Knowles’ A Separate Peace reveals Gene’s perceived war with Phineas and Phineas ’ internal conflict with WorldRead MoreA Separate Peace By John Knowles1078 Words   |  5 PagesStephen King once said, â€Å"Books and movies are like apples and oranges. They both are fruit, but taste completely different.† John Knowles’ novel A Separate Peace which is also a movie by Peter Yates, both have the same theme and plot, however, there are minor adaptations that are made to the movie which fail to capture the nature of the characters. A Separate Peace is set at a boys’ boarding school in New Hampshire during World War II. It is the story of Gene Forrester, and his confused feelings of admirationRead MoreA Separate Peace: Three Symbols716 Words   |  3 PagesA Separate Peace: Three Symbols The three dichotomous symbols in A Separate Peace by John Knowles reinforce the innocence and evil of the main characters, Finny and Gene. Beside the Devon School flow two rivers on opposite sides of the school, the Naguamsett and the Devon. The Devon provides entertainment and happiness for Gene and Finny as they jump from the tree into the river and hold initiations into the Super Suicide Society of the Summer Session. Finny, Gene, and their friends use theRead MoreA Separate Peace By John Knowles1529 Words   |  7 Pagesand violence. Whether one is directly involved in the battlefield or waiting to see the outcome, war has the capacity to affect all people. It can harden one beyond their years and force them to grow, seeing conflicting sides of good and evil. A Separate Peace by John Knowles narrates the story of young boys growing up with World War II as the backdrop. The war impacts them dramatically and is constantly thought about as they are coming of the age since they will soon be enlisted. However, not onlyRead More A Separate Peace Essay example1149 Words   |  5 Pages A Separate Peace: by John Knowles nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During World War II in the struggle for peace among nations comes a smaller, but still significant struggle, in a prep school boy becoming a man and waking up to reality. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the book A Separate Peace, the author John Knowles, creates the image of two sixteen-year old boys struggling to keep what little sense of peace they know, even though there is a war going on all around them. Gene Forrester, theRead MoreA Separate Peace By John Knowles1148 Words   |  5 PagesA Separate Peace by John Knowles: Boys to Men The boys at the Devon school, in the novel A Separate Peace, written by John Knowles, are World War II influenced by making them mature and grow up more quickly than they would have had there not been a war. The war makes some boys stronger and more ready for whatever life would bring, while in others it disables them to the point that they cannot handle the demands of life. This novel shows a â€Å"coming-of age† story, especially with three boys. Gene starts

Single Sex Classrooms Free Essays

Single sex classrooms create opportunities that do not really exist in a coed classroom for students. Teachers can create learning strategies in all girl classrooms, and in all boy classrooms, which do not work as well in coed classrooms. Many public schools are beginning to adopt the single sex classroom ideas and seeing dramatic improvement with grades and test scores. We will write a custom essay sample on Single Sex Classrooms or any similar topic only for you Order Now The strongest proof yet, that separating boys and girls works, is the drastic improvement in grades for both sexes. But to simply place girls in a classroom and boys in another classroom is not going to work. Teachers should have special training for practical gender-specific classroom strategies and learn the best practices for these gender-separate classrooms. In the book â€Å"Gender and Education† the authors Barbara Banks, Sara Delamont, and Catherine Marshall specifically state: â€Å"Teacher interactions with students are at the heart of the hidden curriculum and are important means by which informal lessons about gender are transmitted in schools† (Banks571). Single sex classrooms simply create more opportunities and a better learning environment for our children that coed classrooms do not create. Girls in all girl classrooms and boys in all boy classrooms are more likely to study subjects that they would not necessarily choose if the class was coed. It also expands ideas of educational opportunities and core values for both boys and girls, and the classes generate custom created learning strategies and instructions to better learning. Girls in all girl classrooms and boys in all boy classrooms are more likely to study subjects that they wouldn’t necessarily choose if the class was coeducational, in my opinion. Single sex classrooms bring a broader horizon for our students more so than coeducational classrooms. Kenneth Jost the author of Single Sex Education quotes in his book â€Å"Sex segregation and discrimination persists in high school programs around the country, 30 years after Congress passed a law barring such discrimination in education† (Jost1). Single sex education advocates say the solution is quite easy just let boys be boys and girls be girls. Leonard Sax states in his book â€Å"Boys Adrift† that â€Å"the solution is to let boys and girls attend separate classes, so that you can take advantage of the ‘sex differences’ in learning styles†(Sax,174). You breakdown stereotypes by letting the sexes be separate. When you put boys and girls together, it just increases the gender roles. The boys do things that are thought of as typical for boys, and girls do things that are thought of as typical for girls. You do not see many girls wanting to take classes such as welding class, building workshop, weight room, architect design, and sports education. There definitely would not be many boys wanting to take classes such as drama, art, home economics, sewing class, and foreign languages. So if you eliminate the gender bias and the need to impress the opposite sex, you would possibly begin to see boys’ willingness to engage in what would be considered â€Å"feminine activities,† such as choir or drama club. Girls’ willingness to engage in â€Å"manly activities†, such as welding and building workshops, and pro-dominantly male sports may increase also. Single sex classrooms expand ideas, educational opportunities, and core values for both sexes. Leonard Sax states in his book â€Å"Boys Adrift†, â€Å"A boy does not naturally become a gentleman-by whom I mean, a man who is courteous, kind, and unselfish. That behavior is not hardwired. It has to be taught† (Sax163). Most boy schools make a point of teaching boys to be gentlemen, to have self-discipline, and how to be a leader. This may be more important to learn than their actual school work. â€Å"Teenage boys without strong leadership can easily become barbarians† (Sax165). Sax was correct when he stated this, and this is exactly what is wrong with our male population today. This is why I feel so strongly about these single sex teaching atmospheres. In coed schools, boys tend to adopt a masculine attitude because girls are there. They feel they have to demonstrate their masculinity by gross macho over-reaction. Boys in single-sex schools become more sensitive men, and they are more polite. All girl schools focus entirely on girls, to improve their learning and self-esteem. It also motivates girls to try and reach goals, that they normally may find unattainable, because it is a â€Å"guy thing†. If there are no guys around, there is nothing to hold them back. Single sex education helps girls overcome the male sexism that still exist in public schools, and girls are at center stage at all girl schools with only girls in the audience. Educational opportunities such as less sex bias in teacher-student interactions. Reducing sex differences in curricula and more successful role models for girls. Girls at single sex schools are more likely to take nontraditional classes such as physics and advanced math because they have the opportunity to excel in them. This is mostly related to smaller classes and there being no gender bias. Also, it installs values such as, to work for and achieve excellent grades, create greater self-esteem, good character development, responsibility, and leadership. â€Å"Girls receive less teacher attention than boys, feel less comfortable speaking out in class, and face threats of sexual harassment in school†(Barbara1), as Santa Barbara states in her article. If that is true, why would you not want your child in single sex classrooms, so they could learn without fear or embarrassment? The single sex organizational arrangement spared students the interruptions and distractive aspects that are normally in coeducational classrooms. If these classes are offered, maybe girls would focus more on their studies and grades, instead of their looks and clothing. Not having to worry or be afraid of harassment from boys. Also by separating the classes, the overall population would decrease, giving students smaller learning environments. Other opportunities that come from these classes are lessons that students relate to and want to learn. No girl wants to read a science fiction book, and no boy wants to read a love story. This causes teachers to have a tough time finding lessons to teach the class that both genders can relate to. But with single gender classes the teachers’ lesson can be more suitable for each gender. This makes learning experience more interesting and fun. Giving students more educational opportunities. Single Sex classrooms generate custom created learning strategies and instructions to better student learning. Teachers have to customize what they do, to the needs and abilities of each individual student. In single-sex schools, teachers are free to choose materials that fit the interests of their students. In coed schools, the females are often held back or held down to the abilities and interests of the males. Teachers should have special training for practical gender-specific classroom strategies and learn the best practices for the gender-separate classroom. Boys perceive the coed school as an institution run largely by women, and run largely according to women’s rules: (examples: â€Å" sit still†, â€Å"don’t make too much noise†, â€Å"don’t be disruptive†, etc. ). They see that the majority of the top students are girls, and the â€Å"teacher’s pet† is either a female or a geek. So, many boys may devalue academic excellence. If you’re a male at a coed school, being an â€Å"A† student does not raise your status with other guys. At many coed schools, being an â€Å"A† student may actually lower your status with other boys. Girls and boys that attend same sex schools tend to have higher test scores and high grades in general, rather than their counterparts that go to coeducational schools. Boys’ and girls’ brains develop differently. These differences are especially significant for learning in the early years. Then, as they get older, girls and boys distract each other from academics because of normal social and sexual development. The needs of each sex are completely opposite therefor the emphasis of a school for boys should not be required to be the same as a school for girls. These classes and schools also benefit kids with learning disabilities. It gives them more time with a teacher and less distractions. Also, teachers are able to create lesson plans that help focus their attention on what they need to be learning. Statistics show that girls excel in reading and writing while boys excel more so in science and math. With single gender classrooms boys could excel in English because teachers could give them topics to write about that interest them. Unlike the topic the teacher would have to pick to go with a coeducational class. Boys could write about gladiators or soldiers, and the teacher not discourage them. But encourage them to become more detailed, even if it is not sweet or nice, because there are no girls in the class to compare it to. The issue to often is boys think writing stories is for girls and geeks. Real boys play games and sports. That is the message which many coed schools today are unintentionally giving to males. Teachers in all-boys schools can send a different message. â€Å"Girls are more likely to be excessively critical in evaluating their own academic performance. Conversely, boys tend to have unrealistically high estimates of their own academic abilities and accomplishments† (Pomerantz396). So with that statement I think teachers who teach single gender classes should focus on promoting girls to believe in themselves. These teachers should help boys to really focus on their academics, rather than let them think unrealistically and challenge them to do better. Psychologists have found fundamental differences in what motivates females, compared to males. â€Å"Researchers have consistently found that girls are more concerned than boys are with pleasing adults, such as parents and teachers. Most boys, on the other hand, will be less motivated to study, unless the material itself interest them† (Pomerantz, Altermatt, Saxon, 2002, p. 397). Boys and girls experience different academic difficulties. Therefore, maybe the best thing to do is separate the genders and have teachers who are qualified in teaching single gender classrooms teach them. Single sex classes and schools strive to help improve students’ achievement. Single sex schools are no longer limited to providing an alternative educational route for girls. Today, boys also need this type of school environment, in order to learn effectively and be productive young men. Single sex classes and schools can help bring about greater race and social-class equality. This has become the final frontier in creating true equality of educational opportunity for all. Studies have shown when public schools have tried the single gender classrooms the results are: a decrease in disciplinary problems, higher scores on standardized test, and over all educational achievement. The benefits of single-sex schools are not only just academics. Single-sex education has been shown to expand the students’ outlook on life. Allowing freedom to explore one’s own strengths and interests in life. With no fear of gender stereotypes holding them back. How to cite Single Sex Classrooms, Papers

Development of Sustainable Home with Net Zero Carbon Emission

Question: Discuss about theDevelopment of Sustainable Home with Net Zero Carbon Emission. Answer: Introduction The work is based on building the net zero energy with the proper consumption where the total amount has been for the building based on the annual basis. It is equal to the renewable energy that has been able to contribute to the greenhouse gas to the atmosphere. The consumption of the non-renewable energy and the product of the greenhouse gases is there. With this, there have been execution process which is based on the building of a proper outline that is important for the energy configuration through the use of supreme energy and the measurement of the resources. Energy Plus The energy plus is for the building of the simulation program that has been set with the energy consumption process for the heating, cooling, ventilation and the processing of the loads. The integration has been set for the solutions of the thermal zones which include the setup of the environment and proper interactions between the thermal zones and the HVAC systems. (Walker et al., 2015). This works on the model system where there is a combination of the heat and the mass transfer. There has been software which includes the software and tools for the IDF editor and the EP launch which is for the running and the editing of the inputted files. The setup is based on the US department of the energy where the applications are based on handling and creating the simulations for the building of the energy and working on the simulation of the building. There have been simulation solutions with the heat balanced based structures that include the combined heat and the mass transfer. The setup includes the standard and the novel system configuration with the functional mockup interface. The detailed patterns are for the energy consumption for the heating, cooling and the ventilation process loads and the use of the buildings. (Cherry et al., 2015). House Software This is for the higher standard programming which includes the resources which are completely recyclable, stockpiling and based on the fossil. The Hybrid process for the Multiple Energy includes the revamped endeavor of the cross breed renewable micro grids. Lower/Zero Carbon Design Technology This includes the selection of the materials with the innovative construction processes. The management of the energy as well as the selection is important for the recycling and reuse. Selection of the Lower Carbon Construction Material The estimations are based on the energy and the carbon which has not been associated to the material grouping process with the compliance and the other principles. The system limits the framework with no loss of the assets like the fossil fuels. The origin of information includes the accessibility and the energy that is for the power era majority of information. The carbon is for accessing the regular fuel split which includes the regular materials. (Kylili et al., 2015). The embodies data has been from the consideration of the life cycle carbon outpourings with the methods that include the LCA as well as the handling of the data analysis. There is a assessment through the use of the regular fuel split. Innovative Construction Process The improvement are based on handling the connections which is for the part level, business level and the venture level. The report is based on handling the incremental and the focal patterns. The advancement is based on the development where there are ventilations inside the building that provokes the other advancement sets. The entire viability is in time with the two parallel working streams with the area foundations. As per the research and development, there is a need to measure the exact direct spending with the collection of the territory which has been able to set the operations with the advancement. (Cole, 2015). Management of the Energy Consumption It is for the metering of the vitality usage with the gathering of the social event of the data. There is a need to find the spare vitality with the control structures to control HVAC well. The concentration is based on the opportunities which are important with proper imperativeness that is through the tolerations with the recognitions that are based on the placing of the assets. The metering of the interim vitality usage data is able to make all the possible cases where there is a need to work on the roads to find the ordinary wastes in the building. (Pan et al., 2015). The assessment is based on the heating and the air conditions which has been used for the great deal of imperativeness to urge the staff to switch the apparatus towards the end in each working day. Recycle and Reuse The assets have been based on natural changing toll with the maintenance of the considerations to simulate the process with the standard size maker. This includes the visiting of the reusing and the wastes office endeavor which is to make sure for the full load and the declination is for the sullying that has a major influence from the different endeavors. Renewable Energy The focus has been on the top down target with the action edge that includes the dealing for the hoteling system. Here, the focus has been on the pioneering of standards to build the diagrams and the encouraging of the working financially. There are opportunities and threats which include the automation of the metering that includes the piece of the structures with the ISO 50001. (lovell, 2015). The key tests are for the improvement of the approach where 50% is based on the lower carbon spreads that includes the office building in UK. Reference Walker, G., Karvonen, A. and Guy, S., 2015. Zero carbon homes and zero carbon living: sociomaterial interdependencies in carbon governance.Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,40(4), pp.494-506. Cherry, C., Hopfe, C., MacGillivray, B. and Pidgeon, N., 2015. Media discourses of low carbon housing: The marginalisation of social and behavioural dimensions within the British broadsheet press.Public Understanding of Science,24(3), pp.302-310. Pan, W. and Li, K., 2016. Clusters and exemplars of buildings towards zero carbon.Building and Environment,104, pp.92-101. Kylili, A. and Fokaides, P.A., 2015. European smart cities: The role of zero energy buildings.Sustainable Cities and Society,15, pp.86-95. Ltzkendorf, T., Foliente, G., Balouktsi, M. and Wiberg, A.H., 2015. Net-zero buildings: Incorporating embodied impacts.Building Research Information,43(1), pp.62-81. Berry, S. and Davidson, K., 2016. Improving the economics of building energy code change: A review of the inputs and assumptions of economic models.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,58, pp.157-166. Cole, R.J., 2015. Net-zero and net-positive design: a question of value.Building Research Information,43(1), pp.1-6. McKinstray, R., Lim, J.B., Tanyimboh, T.T., Phan, D.T., Sha, W. and Brownlee, A.E., 2015. Topographical optimisation of single-storey non-domestic steel framed buildings using photovoltaic panels for net-zero carbon impact.Building and Environment,86, pp.120-131. Lovell, H., 2015. The surprising outcomes of UK energy and climate policy.Sustainable Urban Energy Policy, p.143. Aldossary, N.A., Rezgui, Y. and Kwan, A., 2015. An investigation into factors influencing domestic energy consumption in an energy subsidized developing economy.Habitat International,47, pp.41-51. Hossaini, N., Hewage, K. and Sadiq, R., 2015. Spatial life cycle sustainability assessment: a conceptual framework for net-zero buildings.Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy,17(8), pp.2243-2253.

5 Ways To Avoid Interview Panic

5 Ways To Avoid Interview Panic So much work goes into the job search process that by the interview phase, emotions can run tense. You’ve worked so hard to get in the door and now the stakes are high, your palms are sweating, and you’re a bundle of nerves. Here are five things you can do to keep your cool and rock your interview.1. Prepare before you goThe best way to not panic in the interview is to be super well-prepared. If you know everything there is to know about the company and the position, if you have answers to all the usual questions, plus a few unusual ones, if you’re ready with thoughtful, constructive questions for your interviewer when prompted†¦ if you’ve done all of this, then you won’t be nervous about what’s to come. You’ll look confident, driven, and smart, and they’ll know without a doubt you wanted the job enough to do your homework. Who knows, the interview could even turn out to be enjoyable for both of you.2. Get some sleepYouâ₠¬â„¢re nervous. You can’t imagine calming down enough to go to sleep before the big day. But rather than staying up all night pacing (or watching Netflix, or surfing Facebook on your phone) in your darkened bedroom, make yourself a cup of tea and go to bed. You’ll be much fresher and sharper tomorrow, and infinitely less stressed.3. Practice makes perfectGet everything ready the night before. Try on and lay out what you plan to wear. Make sure your shoes are polished and your documents are in order. Then see if you can’t get a friend or roommate to practice asking you questions and assessing your answers. Saying things out loud the night before can make you sound more put together when you’re in the interview.4. Pump upListen to music that either soothes you or motivates you on your way to the interview. Studies show it can have a measurable effect. At very least, it’ll put a bit of bounce into your step and allow you to walk in relaxed and confide nt.5. Show up earlyBeing late is a big strike against you. But being a little early never hurt- especially if you’ve never been to that particular part of town or office before. You’ll be glad you have a few minutes of leeway in case your GPS messes up or you run into unexpected traffic.

The purpose of this document is to provide the extensive literature review as for as the risk management of an organization is concerned. The WritePass Journal

The purpose of this document is to provide the extensive literature review as for as the risk management of an organization is concerned. Introduction The purpose of this document is to provide the extensive literature review as for as the risk management of an organization is concerned. IntroductionREVIEW OF LITERATURE Financial ReportsTypes of Financial Reports. Conclusion:Related Introduction REVIEW OF LITERATURE The banking is the old concept as old as the man existence in the world in the earliest. From the day one of the baking sector development the credit risk management it is obvious that the credit risk is very much possible an the existence of the credit risk is as old as the banking concept is.   The development of the banking sector has taken the new and developed shapes by having the technology from the advent of the science and technology of the present age. The credit risk exist from the first day of the banking sector but the management of the credit risk is came in to existence after the realization of the credit risk in the banking sector. The credit risk management is one of the key factor for any banking organization for the management of the risks to the banks from the credit losses or and of the bank defaults. To minimize the credit risk of the banking organization it is obvious that the management of the organization has to make the follow up policies to make the risk to be get less and to achieve this goal the brief study of the following factors is necessary Analyzing the documentation for the products launching of the banking sectors from the point of view of profit loss of the product The exact picture of the products are in the real investment and income ratio of the banking statements which should be studied and analyzed for the future planning of the new product launching for the banking organization The study of the financial documents of the banking organization is very important for minimizing the credit risk of the various products of the bank. The analyzing of the banking organization’s investments from the profit/loss ratio should be studied The risk management is done by the evaluation of the previous financial documents like the financial reports, trail balance accounts, balance sheets and other such documents are very important in this regard. The proper working of the organization is controlled by the management of the organization and the management of the organization is responsible for all the ups and downs of the organization. The management manages the cycle of the workforce inside the organization and its management is usually the main concern with the workforce and the proper functioning of the banking organization. The credit risks are also   the part which come under the concern of the management of the banking organization as it can cause the proper functioning of the banks be astray from the actual path of working or th malfunctioning of the organization. The management of the organization has to develop the proper credit risk management cycle or system to manage any credit risk that can cause the damages to the organization in the short term and long term. It is not the every time that the management of the organization becomes able to identify and wipe out the credit risks that are causing the financial threats to the organization completely. Here we can discuss some points that are the subject to the project management which are useful for overcoming into the context of the business organization in short and long run having all the possibilities taken under the considerations If we go along planning something we must look in doing something, searching something and creating steps to sort out our planning by having proper planning which we called the proper management if done for credit risk management the banking organizations must be evaluated properly. The credit risk management is analyzed by the authentic documents/legal documentation of the banks or any organization as it deals with the sensitive issues of any bank or organization The legal documentation of the bank includes the term papers for different purpose utilized by the bank for the instance, the bank provide different products or we can say financial products.   These legal documents include Financial statements Profit loss statements Quarterly Reports Equability share Reports Investment Reports. Dividends Reports The data analysis factors are very much important in understanding the credit risk and credit management of any organization in short/long term planning. The credit risk management is done by the different things. Is is done by the customer satisfaction which   is don by the review of different factors created by the credit risk. The utility of the credit risk management is usually the settlement of the causes of failures that can be caused by the credit risks. The credit risk management has a very vast area under its cover. It involve the factors which are created by the customer’s needs and can be overcome by doing the customer satisfaction management. The credit receiving is often taken to grant which help to put in plain words the needs of diplomacy. The first point of the credit control which should be kept in mind is to recognize the cost of credit and its various effects on the profit loss of the organization. By analyzing the credit risk we can conclude the banking risk that can be faced by the organization at various level of credit control process. Credit risk management is also very useful analyzing lacks that can occur during the credit control policy of any origination The data is utilized that is provided by the concern banks in this regard. The time series analysis of the five year financial plan is very effective to figure out the exact picture of the present state of the risks that are faced and that can be faced by the organization or a bank The structurally identification of the banking risk management is done by the review of the various legal documentation of the banks or any financial organizations in the marketplace. The credit rsik investigation is done by analyzing the different documentation such as the profit and losses ratio of the bank for the individual products launched by the organization or a bank The individual investigation is very much necessary as the ignorance in this matter will cause the credit losses on one of the products individually which might not be come under the eye of the banks or the financial organization as the organization as a whole going in profit or achieving its goal at steady speed. The exploration of the internal structure of the organization is done by the management of the organization at various levels of working in the banking and in the management cycle. The exploration may reduce the banking credit risk as it allows the complete picture of the organization and needs of the organization can be fulfilled according to the necessities opf the financial organization or the bank. What is the most important is to make the environment of the banking organization so good for the working conditions and for the customers as the believe of the customer on the different products of the organization become firm. The identification of the sectors from the bank or the financial organization can face the credit risks are very import to spotlight. The different sectors which can cause the credit risks are following Different products launched by the organization and its development by not taking the proper handling The loans given by the banks as the return of the loan must be ensured by the legal documentation to avoid the loan losses The investments done by the bank in different sectors The overview of these factors and sectors might be the way to avoid the credit risk to the organization. The management role in this regard is very much important as the management deal with the major decisions of the organization so to avoid the credit risk management the management has to play his role as a good management. The management of the organization is responsible for taking the necessary steps to initiate the process which might less the risks of credit that can cause damage to the organization or a bank. The management of the organization is responsible to answer the following What we are planning to do in managing the risk management? What is our approach in doing it? When is the right time to do the start?   What are the prerequisites of doing? What time period will it require?   What will be the cost require to complete it? The above question will give the brief view of the present credit risks towards the organization and the management of these risks can be done by adopting the proper techniques and methods for it. The credit risk is taken under the consideration for each and every documentation of the banks/organization. Financial Reports There are many ways to understand the banking ability and position. The financial reports are of main concern which are made after analysis of the financial reports by the banks. Types of Financial Reports. There are many types of financial reports two of which are of mains converse 1. Yearly Financial Reports. The yearly financial reports include. The complete profit/loss of the organization financial statements are also included in the report The complete profit/Loss report is created at the end of the fiscal year which covers in the yearly financial report. 2.   Quarterly Financial Reports The quarterly financial reports are done to have a quick view on the performance of the organizations or the bank. 3.   Half Quarterly Reports The half quarterly report is created to have a quick and focused view on some certain products and products appreciation of the bank or any organizations. The Bank offers loans and launches different products which involves in the credit risk. The loans are the major concern which are very much involved in the credit risk. The recovery of the loans must be ensured by getting the proper security to avoid any risks caused by the loss due to loan non-recovery. The credit risk in the market is very much open. Launching more and more new products the possibility of the more and more credit risk can be faced by the organization or the bank. To avoid such risk the proper risk management should done to avoid the risks in these circumstances. The review of the whole circumstances gives us the picture of the organization in the short and long term planning of the management. If we go along planning something we must look in doing something, searching something and creating steps to sort out our planning by having proper planning which we called the proper management if done for credit risk management the banking organizations must be evaluated properly. By looking at the credit risk we probe into the banking risks, assessments, management and control over the management. The attempt to understand the credit risk unfolds some of the risks in management evaluation and assessment equipments, models and methods. Credit risk management also analyzes to overcome the lacks in credit lacks during the different credit management implementation techniques. Conclusion: In the end we can say that the credit risks exist right from the beginning of the banking concept and the banking concept is as old as the man from the very early age. The different levels of risks are threatening for the banking organization should be taken in to the account by the management of the organization for the betterment of the financial organization.   The identification of the risk is very important as the identification of the sectors is done from where the bank can face the credit risks. The credit risks can be made less by following the proper method and techniques followed by the complete study of the financial documents of the organization. The brief history of the organization in terms of credit losses and the profit should be analyzed to get the clear picture of the present situation. And the proper evaluation will enable the management of the organization to avoid the credit risks.

Low cost airline Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 12000 words

Low cost airline - Dissertation Example udice of people who probably who do not fly a great deal on business themselves and may regard those who do as pampered and privileged minority'' (pp14). According to Knowledgerush website ''A low-cost carrier (also known as a no-frills or discount carrier) is an airline that offers low fares but eliminates all unnecessary services. The typical low-cost'' According to the Statistics and Forecast (STATFOR) Service of Euro control there is no single best definition of a low-cost carrier. It is generally accepted that a low-cost airline, also known as no-frills or discount airline, is such carrier, which offers low fares but eliminates most traditional passenger services. The 'low-cost carrier' business design is defined by three key elements: - Simple product: catering on demand for extra payment; planes with narrow seating ( but bigger capacity) and only a single class; there is no seat assignment; they don't offer frequent-flyer programs; ticket less travel - positioning : non-business passengers, esp. leisure traffic, and budget priced; they have short-haul point-to-point traffic with high frequencies; they are making an aggressive marketing; they are using secondary airports (e.g. regional airports); they have a strong competition with all transport carriers - low operating costs: low wages, low air fees; low costs for maintenance; reduced employment (with much lower rates of number of passengers per employer); cockpit training and standby crews due to homogeneous fleet; high resource productivity: short ground waits due to simple boarding processes, no air freight, no hub services, short cleaning times (Internet). There are also other characteristics, which are typical for low-cost airlines. They all have in their fleet a single type of airplane, chosen to reduce... According to the Statistics and Forecast (STRATFOR) Service of Euro control, there is no single best definition of a low-cost carrier. It is generally accepted that a low-cost airline, also known as no-frills or discount airline, is such carrier, which offers low fares but eliminates most traditional passenger services. The ‘low-cost carrier’ business design is defined by three key elements: - Simple product: catering on demand for extra payment; planes with narrow seating and only a single class; there is no seat assignment; they don’t offer frequent-flyer programs; ticketless travel - Positioning: non-business passengers, esp. leisure traffic, and budget priced; they have short-haul point-to-point traffic with high frequencies; they are making an aggressive marketing; they are using secondary airports (e.g. regional airports); they have a strong competition with all transport carriers - low operating costs: low wages, low air fees; low costs for maintenance; reduced employment (with much lower rates of number of passengers per employee); cockpit training and standby crews due to homogeneous fleet; high resource productivity: short ground waits due to simple boarding processes, no air freight, no hub services, short cleaning times. There are also other characteristics, which are typical for low-cost airlines. They all have in their fleet a single type of airplane, chosen to reduce training and service costs. Commonly it is the Boeing 737, but it is not always like that, e.g. the Wizzair fleet has only Airbus A320.

Pervasive Decision VA9-02166 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pervasive Decision VA9-02166 - Essay Example The use of words like "durable," "effective" or "meaningful" are only helpful when anyone wants to keep only question in mind (Oxman-Martinez et al., 2005), and hence the only test, that can be derived from the definition of Convention Refugee in Section 2 of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act does the claimant now have a well-founded and genuine fear of persecution? After considering all the circumstances, the young Tamil male faced in connection to fetching LTTE information by the Sri Lankan army, paramilitary agencies and the government, the claimant filed a claim of refugee status seeking protection from the mentioned forces of Sri Lanka (LaViolette, 2004). Section 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act states that the protection is limited to the claimants who face some specific risks that are not faced generally by other people in or from the country and thus, the claimant is not a person in need of protection (Dauvergne, 2003). In this instance, even though the war of September 2006 is over and situation is different in Sri Lanka, that does not favor Refugee Protection Act, so the young Tamil man should receive protection (Kruger, Mulder & Korenic, 2004). The Members of the justice panel must take the new evidences under consideration available from the current year of 2009 where even though the situation is different, the situation of the young Tamil male is no different. Hence, the paramilitary agencies, Sri Lankan army and government officials need to reconsider their belief that the young male belongs to the LTTE group. Amnesty International Report 2010, pp. 301-303 and Item 2.3. United Kingdom (UK). 22 October 2009. Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) and Home Office. Report of Information Gathering Visit to Colombo, Sri Lanka 23-29 August 2009 (PDF, 215 KB). Oxman-Martinez, J., Hanley, J., Lach, L.,

American Single Parent Households Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

American Single Parent Households - Essay Example ey gradually proceed towards becoming adults, the psychological and economic stresses that a child has to endure as a result of being forced to come to terms with a household which lacks a parent and which may have strangers as family members often hinders a child’s normal development and growth. Children living in single parent households often present a lack of academic achievement and a tendency for delinquency as a result of deficiency in parental care. The dynamics of a family or a household can be considered in terms of the conflict within a household or an individual’s assessment of reality, which generally have a broad impact on households and the lives of their members. This brief essay attempts to present an examination of the American single parent household from the conflict and symbolic theory perspectives and then presents a comparison of American single parent households with those in the United Kingdom. I hereby certify that, except where cited in the text, this work is the result of the research carried out by the author of this study. The main content of the study which has been presented contains work that has not previously been reported anywhere. From a public policy perspective, out - of - wedlock births and fatherless families are often the issues of greatest concern to policymakers, but it has to be appreciated that fatherless families are created by death, divorce, separation or imprisonment and motherless families may also be created as a result of similar circumstances (Ellwood 1 - 10). Changes in societal values and life styles have meant that a significant number of out – of – wedlock births are likely to be cohabiting with fathers and mothers who may be living together without officially having married, or they may have separated prior to marriage. Despite the individualism of the American psyche, it is still possible that children who are living with a single parent, especially those who are living with their mothers, may

Material Wastage on Construction Sites Work

Material Wastage on Construction Sites Work Material waste is recognised as a major dilemma in the construction industry and has important implications. The construction industry has been reported to be generating intolerable levels of material waste. This report reviews the causes and preventions of wastage of materials in the construction industry. The report also assists clients, main contractors, subcontractors and others who work in the construction industry with advice on how each individual can make a change to help reduce waste. 1.2. Definition of construction waste Waste is a common term and occurrence in the construction industry worldwide. Wastes are materials that are not main products which the initial user has no further use for his/ her wants to dispose. Waste is measured by size or weight and is unwanted or useless materials. Construction waste can be divided into material, labour and machinery waste, however, material waste is more of a concern because most raw materials come from non- renewable resources. Construction waste is generated by construction activities. 2. CAUSES OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE IN THE BUILDING INDUSTRY Waste measurement plays a significant role in the management of systems due to its effective way to measure their performance. Building material waste is complex to recycle due to high levels of contamination and a large degree of different materials mixed together and usually there is inadequate space for its disposal in large cities. There are seven categories of waste identified: There is unnecessary movement of people. When there is waiting by employees for equipment to finish its work. Defects in products. The overproduction of goods that are not needed. Goods awaiting further consumption. Unnecessary processing of goods. Unnecessary transportation of goods. There are other causes of material wastage such as accidents, working under suboptimal conditions, design of products that do not meet the userà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s needs, theft and vandalism. Along with the causes of indirect waste, material waste may be incorporated into buildings since materials are often used in excess of designed quantities or for a different purpose than what is specified, replacing materials for interior quality. It has been noted that material wastage is due to lack of control of materials by contractors. One of the major sources of waste was left over scrap resulting from cutting materials, such as bricks, blocks and sheetrock panels. Most of the waste involved with wood is non- reusable consumables meaning that this material assists in the production process but do not end as part of the building. Packaging and improper handling are also identified as important causes of waste. 2.1 Materials and the waste they cause Different products and materials are experience waste in different ways based on sizes, use and specification, this information was discovered by Skoyles (1976), Bossink and Brouwers (1996) and Forsythe and Marsden (1999) Steel Reinforcement Controlling the use of steel reinforcement on building sites is difficult due to it being bulky to handle due to its weight and shape. Steel reinforcement is always sold by weight. There are three main reasons for steel reinforcement waste:- Short unusable pieces are produced when bars are cut, Some bars sometimes have an excessively large diameter due to fabrication problems and trespassing which leads to theft. Poor structural design in terms of standardization and detailing causing waste due o non- optimized cutting of bars. Cement In- situ production of mortar: Cement is usually manually loaded in the mixer with the use of incorrect equipment. The lack of information available to construction labour for producing different mixes of mortar. Handling and transportation of mortar: This waste is related to site layout problems, lack of maintained pathways and use of inadequate equipment. Brickwork joints: Due to excessive consumption of mortar in joints, this is caused due to insufficient information available about process standards, inadequate supervisions, variations in the size of blocks and the lack of process standardization. Plaster thickness: Due to deviations in the dimensions of structural elements, problems in the incorporation between different designs and the omissions in the designs relating to defining the exact sizes of components such as door frames and blocks. Floor Screed: Due to deviations in the concrete slab level in relation to design and the need to inlay pipes in the floor. Sand, lime and Premix Mortar Sand and mortar are usually delivered in trucks, this may cause additional losses related to the lack of control in the delivery operation and the necessary handling demands. Bricks and Blocks The delivery of material such as the lack of control in the amount of bricks/ blocks delivered and the damage of the bricks and blocks are causes of waste, however, poor handling and transportation are the main causes. Another factor of waste is the need to cut the blocks and bricks which is due to the modular coordination in design. Ceramic Tiles The main source of waste was the cutting of tiles due to the problems in integration between architectural and structural design. This caused the cutting and wastage of tiles. Pipes and Wires Short, unusable pieces are produced when pipes are cut. Poor planning in the distribution of materials does not encourage the replacement of elements by others. Contractors often underestimate the real cost of waste on a project as this is not a clear cost. 2.2. Checklist to assess the causes of waste The following checklist can be used to assess the causes of waste:- Is the tender document complete? Is the design a fixed and agreed design? Is the information provided clear? Is the storage available safe and adequate? Is the workforce trained in waste management and waste reduction? Does the programme allow for the work to be carried out without interference with other trades? 3. PREVENTIONS OF WASTAGE OF MATERIALS Waste can be avoided by implementing inexpensive preventative methods related to managerial improvements. Some building materials and components use large amounts of non renewable sources of energy and sources that are in danger of exhaustion, such as timber, sand and crushed stone. It has been suggested that human work should be the main focus of waste prevention. The values of materials depend to a vast extent on the work that has been spent on them. In order to improve the efficiency of value- adding and non- value adding work, the aim is to eradicate waste by removing non- value adding activities. The control of waste to an acceptable level can only be reduced through major improvement in production system conditions. Waste prevention can be successful in many forms, such as:- By purchasing durable, long- lasting materials, Setting out to remove raw materials that are not incorporated into the final product or service, The use of products that are free of toxic material, By reducing the amount of packaging materials, Conserving water, energy or both, Implementation of in- process recycling. Waste prevention is a known as business strategy from which, any company can benefit. Waste prevention can be a routine part of daily business. The following basic steps can be taken:- Determining What Wastes you generate All waste streams need to be examined, including process wastes, hazardous wastes, non- hazardous wastes, solid wastes and office waste. By looking into bins, one can determine what materials are being thrown away. Each waste stream must be characterized to help determine the source of the waste, what processes generate it and how much is being discarded. Identifying Waste Prevention Measures All wastes should be evaluated for probable reduction. Determine how you can reduce each waste, evaluate your purchasing policies and determine what you can re-use. Production changes that would potentially improve efficiency, equipment, piping and layout changes should be identified. Resources that may help conduct a waste reduction assessment at a business should be identified. Priorities and goals should be set Prioritize waste prevention opportunities by considering cost, payback and increased employee safety. Attainable goals should be set. Get Started Employees should be taught about how to reduce waste and waste prevention activities should be promoted. Encourage employees by offering incentives. 3.1. Recycling Recycling is a process whereby materials that would have become waste, are transformed into new materials and products. By using more recycled or reused materials on a construction project, overall costs can be reduced. In recycling, used materials or waste are transformed into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials to help reduce consumption of fresh raw materials, to help reduce energy usage, to help reduce air and water pollution and lower greenhouse gas emissions. Recycling is an important part of modern waste reduction and is the third component of the à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Reduce, Reuse, and Recycleà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ waste. Recyclable materials include many different types of glass, paper, metal, plastic, textiles and electronics. The composting or reuse of biodegradable waste such as food or garden waste is not typically considered recycling. Materials that are to be recycled can be taken to a collection centre or picked up from the curb side and then sorted, cleaned and reprocessed into new materials bound for manufacturing. Recycling of a material will produce a fresh, new supply of the same material. Recycling of goods or materials involves their reuse in producing different materials. Recycling has been a common practise for most of human history. Materials for recycling can be can be sorted into the various types on site, ready for pick up. Copper such as wire, old steel furnishings, or equipment and glass windows are some of the materials that can be recycled from a construction site. The type of waste materials accepted for recycling, varies from cities and countries depending on the types of materials that city or country can recycle. The difference in acceptance is reflected in the resale value of the material, one it is reprocessed. 3.2 Re-using Many materials from construction can be recovered from demolition and renovation sites and donated, sold, stored for later use or reused on current or other projects. Private companies sometimes recover materials from the site which can avoid the cost of removal by a contractor. Companies that have storage space available can store good material for future use or for another project. Space, time and equipment can restrict opportunities to reuse materials on smaller projects. Opportunities still exist to import materials from other sites, which may only be available in limited quantities and therefore better suited to small projects. Packaging waste cannot be eliminated or reduced. The most cost effective option with using packaging and the best option for the environment is to reuse the packaging as many times as possible. Repairing any damaged pallets on site is another way of reusing packaging. The pallets that are not in use can be sold to pallet suppliers. Old polypropylene bags can be used for storing demolition wastes. Large sheets of plastic sheeting can be used as wrapping for materials on site as weather protection. 3.3 Successes of prevention methods 3.3.1 Monitoring process and waste production changes- Track things such as the volume of waste products. 3.3.2 Calculating the savings- Look at savings in handlings, treating and disposals cost. 3.3.3 Look at indirect benefits- Try to gauge the value of less obvious benefits such as reaching new markets and improving public image. 3.3.4 Re-evaluate your efforts on a regular basis- As new raw materials and processes are introduced, waste streams change. Conduct regular assessments of your business to identify additional waste prevention opportunities. 4. REDUCTION OF MATERIAL WASTAGE 4.1. Advantages of reducing waste Reducing waste means that resources will be saved. Society benefits from reducing waste by allowing people to limit their usage of a certain privileged in order to conserve it for the future. This can be done effortlessly and doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t involve any extra equipment or dramatic life changes. Reducing waste will help communities, contractors and it improves the image of organisations and companies that reduce disposal. A lot of space will also be conserved in existing landfills. 4.2. Reasons for reducing waste The reduction of waste can be beneficial to many involved in the construction industry. Reducing waste can be a great financial benefit as waste has a cost. The cost of waste is included in a tender price and paid for by the client. Main contractors have the responsibilities for waste disposal but waste is also generated by sub- contractors. Based on an environmental and a cost perspective, clients, main contractors and sub- contractors have focused on the waste issue. The focus on waste is because of the tremendous escalating applied to landfill tax. Reducing the wastage of materials can also be a benefit to sub- contractors and can result in either a total saving to the project or an increase in project for sub- contractors. There would be a drop in tender prices and a competitive advantage achieved. Sub- contractors are to benefit from using their materials more efficiently. If sub- contractors show initiative to support and engage waste reduction measures, they can improve their chances of being known as preferred bidders as they can help main contractors meet their waste targets. In order for sub- contractors to reap the benefits from reduced material waste, they have to be pro- active. Reducing wastage material is also a benefit to clients and contractors. The cost of waste built into project tenders are paid for by clients. A reduced cost for the project can be achieved by reducing the volume of waste generated. The cost saving from projects can be shared amongst main contractors, sub- contractors and clients. Minimising environmental damage means less quantity of landfill space used and reduced environmental impacts associated with extracting, transporting and manufacturing the raw materials. At a corporate level, reducing waste can bring the following benefits to clients, main contractors and sub- contractors:- It demonstrates commitment to sustainability. It reduces the organisations carbon print Engenders a culture of material efficiency in all project activities. It provides evidence of environmental policies being put into place. Prevention of wastage of materials and recycling of waste reduces exhaustion of natural resources such as trees, oil and minerals. Sub- contractors should consider the following to reduce waste:- Use safe and secure storage Develop a strategy that minimises waste For moving materials, consider mechanical systems and machinery Off- site manufacture or construction should be considered Monitor construction activities Packaging must be used in an efficient way People must be trained and educated on how to reduce waste 4.3. People involved in taking action against reducing waste Waste is equal responsibility between all parties of the supply chain, starting from the client to the waste contractor. All involved cannot work in isolation to manage waste. 4.3.1 Clients Clients need to show initiative and leadership by setting rules and requirements for the proper use of materials and communicating these rules and requirements to the project team. The clients need to ensure that the issues with materials waste are discussed. It is also in the clientà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s best interest to ensure that all people involved are making an effort to reduce waste. 4.3.2 Main Contractors Main contractors have to pass on the information about material waste that the client has given him. The main contractor is to develop a site waste management plan that has estimates of wastes that will be generated. The plan needs to include a strategy to reduce waste. The contractor is to monitor waste data by gathering site waste data and comparing them against site waste data. 4.3.3 Sub- Contractors The sub- contractor must support the main contractors in order to ensure delivery of the clientà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s requirements. Sub- contractors must provide accurate waste estimates for their trade. Sub- contractors can develop actions to reduce waste and submit their ideas to the main contractors. The efficient and proper use of materials must be managed and controlled by sub- contractors to ensure that waste is minimised. On completion of a project, the sub- contractor must provide accurate data on the amount of waste, how was it generated and how it can be reduced. 4.4. Approach to waste reduction Sub- contractors can use four stages to reduce waste:-   Planning Implementation Review Improvement 4.4.1.1. Planning Figure 2 Source: www.org.uk/construction The site management plan is developed by the main contractor during this stage. The waste estimates are developed by sub- contractors. Reductions in waste can be realised by bringing in sub- contractors into the site waste management planning exercise. A waste management plan which is developed by the main contractor should have the following key features:- The waste targets that are set by the client, An estimate of the waste that could be generated on site, Solutions to reduce the waste and, Solutions for wastes going to landfills Main contractors need to ensure that sub- contractors are engaged and challenged on the waste they are likely to generate. Contractors and sub- contractors can manage a process of waste reduction that will allow them to meet the waste targets, if estimates of the quantities of materials and the waste likely to be generated are produced accurately. The following actions can assist the sub- contractors with reducing waste:- Accurate information to be used- when pricing projects, the information used must be up to date, in the correct format and must be accurate. The checklist can be used to check the quality of information. The check list will include:- Are the designs and specifications up to date? Is the latest issue of drawings? Is there any further information needed? Are the drawings in the correct format allowing scaling and printing? Use CAD drawings-Drawings must be available in digital format so that the information is accurate and to scale. This way contractors, sub- contractors and suppliers can have access to the same information and errors can be avoided. Carry out site measurements- if site measurements are carried out, more accurate estimates will be produced. Identifying the causes of waste- all causes must be identified at tender stage. 4.4.1.2. Implementation The implementation of the waste reduction strategy relates to the construction phase of the project. At the implementation stage, the practical measures to reduce waste on site, which is agreed at planning stage can now be implemented. During construction, waste management and waste reduction measures must be implemented. Contractors and sub- contractors must make sure that the waste management solutions that they proposed are put into action. They must also ensure that their effect is monitored regularly through project reviews. At each project review, reports on waste must be produced to assist the team to check performance and look for opportunities to reduce waste. While the project progresses, as each track is completed, reviews of individual performance should be carried out and feedback provided so that:- Sub- contractors can identify how efficient they were on the project. Main contractors can decide which trade contributes what quantity of materials to the waste stream and why. Main contractors and sub- contractors can learn lessons that will enable to improve on reducing waste. Main contractors and sub- contractors can learn lessons which will enable them to improve on reducing waste on projects. An important role in the way waste is generated on site is by construction activities. By main contractors and sub- contractors working together at this stage of the project, obstacles can be removed to increase material efficiency. This can be achieved by taking the following actions:- Implement a Waste Minimisation Strategy for the project as part of the Site Waste Management Plan (SWMP) SWMPà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s will soon become a mandatory requirement for many projects. The SWMP must contain detailed measures complying with relevant waste legislation and must also include good practise guidance and objectives in order to maximise reduction, re- use and recovery of construction waste. Develop a logistics strategy that minimises waste- A major contributor to waste is poor logistics. Solutions like just in time delivery, helps reduce damage to materials and products by minimising the time they are stored on site. Use safe, suitable and secure storage- For tradeà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s f materials that cannot fall under just in time delivery, suitable, safe and secure storage should be provided to avoid damage during storage and moves. Consider mechanical systems and machinery to move materials- This is useful for trades where materials are delivered in large quantities. Mechanical handling of materials will minimise damage and loss of the materials. Off-site manufacture and construction- This will improve efficiency and quality. It minimises the amount of work on site. Monitor and programme construction activities- The activities should be regularly reviewed. Work must be planned to avoid the overlapping of incompatible trades working in the same area. Use packaging in an efficient way- Packaging is one of the largest waste streams in the construction industry. Situations occur were either too much packaging is provided or too less packaging. The ways of reducing or eliminating packaging, needs to be investigated by main and sub- contractors. Trade and educate people on how to reduce waste- Personal responsibility needs to be allocated on site for waste reduction. Incentives should be given to people in order for them to reduce waste. Training and tool box talks on waste minimisation must be done to inform workers. There needs to be more interaction between estimators, buyers, site managers and operators. The following best practise activities should also be incorporated in the process of monitoring performance during construction:- A site manager should be appointed by main contractors to reduce waste on site. The position does not have to be a full time task. The role and responsibilities must be clearly defined to the site waste manager. The site waste manager should co- ordinate with sub- contractors to ensure availability of storage conditions. The site waste manager should keep a record of all material entering the site in order to reconcile against what has been used. A trade waste manager should be appointed by sub- contractors. In cases where materials are not supplied directly by the main contractors, the sub- contractors must liaise with the Site Waste Manager to make sure that the materials are supplied in an appropriate manner and in the correct quantity. Site Waste managers should monitors costs and the volumes of disposals of materials. 4.4.1.3. Review Figure 4 Source: www.org.uk/construction As each work package is completed and at the end of a project, a review of waste performance must take place as part of the final account and post project review. A review of waste performance should be carried out when each sub- contractor completes their work. Reviewing the data and providing feedback can have benefits such as :- Determining whether waste minimisation and management strategy is effective. Find out what works and what doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t work in reducing waste. Determine how efficient main/ sub- contractors were on the project. Main contractors can look at the trades and the amount of waste it generates. Capture relevant data for future reference. Sub- contractors and main contractors can learn lessons which will assist them in improving the waste performance on projects. Actions that can be taken at the end of projects:- Post Completion Reconciliation- making a comparison of the net quantity of materials used with the quantity ordered. The quantity of materials un- used provides a measure of how efficient usages of materials have been. Any reasons should be investigated and recorded. Carry- out reviews of performance against targets- Workshops should be carried out at regular intervals as part of the project reviews to access performance. Record Data- Capturing waste data should be continuous across different project types. This will allow contractors, clients and sub- contractors to decide how efficient material usage is and the effect it had on profit and overall project waste. 4.4.1.4. Improvement Figure 5 Source: www.org.uk/construction Companies can demonstrate best practise and a company- wide commitment to waste minimisation and management for an improved reputation with clients by improving performance. In improving performance, the waste minimisation is the ability to deliver projects for a lower cost which is the main benefit. Actions such as the following can be taken:- Share the lessons that have been learnt- A good way to improve performance is to learn from experience. The issues relating to minimisation and managing waste are new and good and bad experiences need to be shared across the construction industry. Promoting Innovation- By finding and identifying new ideas in the field of waste management and minimisation, clients, contractors and sub- contractors can contribute to increasing requirements for reducing construction environmental impact. Raise Awareness- All participants to the construction process can improve their performance on reducing waste, increase profits and by promoting a more sustainable image of the industry by raising awareness. Demonstrate better financial and environmental results- Contractors and sub- contractors can demonstrate through examples for future tenders and this can provide competitive advantages. 5. WASTE MANAGEMENT Waste management is defined as the collection, transportation, processing or disposal, managing and monitoring of waste materials. The term waste management normally relates to materials produced by human activity. This process is generally done to reduce their effect on health and the environment. Waste management is a distinctive practice from resource recovery which forces on delaying the rate of consumption of natural resources. The management of wastes, treats all materials as individual class, whether solid, liquid or radioactive substances, and tried to reduce the harmful environmental impacts of each through different methods. Waste management practises differ for developed and developing countries, they also differ for urban and rural areas and for industrial and residential producers. Waste management for non- hazardous waste residential and institutional waste in metropolitan areas is usually the responsibility of local government authorities, whilst waste management for non- hazardous commercial and industrial waste is usually the responsibility of the generator. 5.1 Waste handling and transportation Waste collection vehicles in South Africa, dustbins and waste sorting moulded plastic are some collection methods. Waste collection methods vay widely among different countries and regions. Areas in the less developed countries, do not have formal waste collection systems. 5.2. Waste Management Concepts There are a number of different concepts regarding waste management which vary in their usage between countries or regions. Some of the most widely used concepts are:- Waste Hierarchy The waste hierarchy refers to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Reduceà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Reuseà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ and à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Recycleà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ which are known as the à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3 Rà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½sà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. These classify waste management strategies according to their appeal n terms of waste minimisation. The waste hierarchy remains the cornerstone of waste management strategies. The aim of the hierarchy is to extract the maximum practical benefits from products and to generate the minimum amount of waste. Polluter Pays Principal Polluter Pays Principal is a principal where the polluting party pays gor the impact caused to the environment. In regard to waste management, this refers to the requirement for a waste generator to pay for appropriate disposal of the waste. 6. HAZARDOUS WASTE A major concern too many countries in the world is hazardous waste. Hazardous wastes are discarded materials that make them potentially harmful to health and safety of humans and the environment. Chemicals, heavy metals or substances generated as by products during commercial manufacturing, discarded paint, thinners, cleaning fluids and batteries can all be included as hazardous waste. Hazardous waste can be in the form of liquids, solids or gases. Hazardous waste sites can pose as a public health threat if the sites are not properly designed or managed. A Hazardous Waste Worker Training Programme (HWWTP) was created to support the Health and Safety of workers who work with hazardous waste. In order to minimize uncontrolled hazardous wastes, all involved in the transportation must comply with the SANS 10406 on Transportation of Dangerous Goods. The objectives of the transportation of Hazardous wastes are:- To ensure the correct packaging, temporary storage and collection prior to transportation, to prevent accidental spillage into the environment and minimise the impact if spillage occurs. To ensure that the hazardous waste arrives safely at a permitted facility. To ensure that emergency facilities are in place before accidents occur and the hazardous wastes are correctly marked so as to aid the emergency team. 7. CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION DEBRIS Construction and demolition materials consist of the debris generated during the construction,

Coming of Age in Hemingways Indian Camp and Joyces Araby Essay

Coming of Age in Hemingway's Indian Camp and Joyce's Araby In reading Hemingway's "Indian Camp" and Joyce's "Araby", about 2 young boy's not so ceremonial passage to life's coming of age. The protagonist Nick in "Indian Camp" witnessed in one night the joy of going on a journey to an unknown destination with his father and uncle Charlie. Later, Nick receives an expedited course in life and death. Joyce's "Araby" protagonist whis friends with Mangan but has a secret desirable infatuation with his sister. The young protagonist in this short story eventually come to terms with being deceived by a woman's beauty into doing something naively rash. Hemingway's protagonist, Nick, in the short story "Indian Camp" rides curiously asking "where are we going, Dad? (28). Yet, being secure while Nick lay back with his father's arm around him (28). Upon arrival of the shanty lined beach, life's lesson begins to unfold. Nick's sympathy for the woman screaming in pain because of delivering a baby without anaesthetic unleashed a feeling of compassion. Nick's apathy for the final stage of the...

American Civil War was not just the war of ideology

According to fundamentalist historians the American Civil War was not just the war of ideology: freedom versus slavery. The more significant reason was the power struggle initiated between free states and slave states due to the economic and political implications of slavery. Why common people chose to join the forces to fight this war, can be understood more clearly if this rationale is kept in mind. A northerner might have been more concerned about the independence of the south than slavery itself. While the southerner might have felt that secession would prevent the north from empowering the southern culture. This power struggle caused adversity and pain for millions of people, which is almost impossible to determine.As a direct consequence of the war, more than 350,000 Union soldiers were killed, while The Confederacy lost more than 250,000.   The lives of civil war soldiers were specially hard and arduous because they were mostly under-prepared and under-equipped. When they fi rst joined the army, they were housed in spacious barracks, but once they received their marching orders they were condemned the tent. In camp, the soldiers had to live in â€Å"dog tents† made from two pieces of canvas buttoned together. A majority of confederate soldiers weren’t issued any tents, so most of them had to contend with tents captured from the Union soldiers. In the winter, several soldiers would live in wooden huts made from logs and mud with a roof made from canvas or sawn boards (Gettysburg).Reveille was sounded to begin the day at 5 AM, followed by an assembly for morning roll call and breakfast call. Sick call was sounded soon after breakfast, followed by assemblies for guard duty, drill, or to begin the march. Drummers were also important on the march to keep soldiers in step during parades and to call them to attention. In battle, drums were sometimes used to signal maneuvers and give signals for the ranks to load and fire their weapons. Soldiers d rilled as squads and in company formations, each man getting accustomed to orders and formations such as marching in column and in a â€Å"company front†, how to face properly, dress the line, and interact with his fellow soldiers. After an hour of drill on that level, the company moved onto regimental level drills and parades.The Union private’s salary was $13 per month until June '64, after which he got $16. The Confederate private was paid at the pre-war rate of $11 per month until June '64, when the pay raised $7 per month. Soldiers were supposed to be paid every two months in the field, but they were lucky if they got their pay at four-month intervals (in the Union Army) and sometimes they even went six to eight months without being paid. Payment in the Confederate Army was even slower and less regular (Boatner).The types of food that were provided to the soldiers were limited because as they did not have any way of preserving the food. Meats were salted or smoked while other items such as fruits and vegetables were dried or canned. Daily rations for Union soldiers included 12 oz of pork or bacon or 1 lb. 4 oz of fresh or salt beef; 1 lb. 6 oz of soft bread or flour, 1 lb. of hard bread, or 1 lb. 4 oz of cornmeal. Per every 100 rations there was issued 1 peck of beans or peas; 10 lb. of rice or hominy; 10 lb. of green coffee, 8 lb. of roasted and ground coffee, or 1 lb. 8 oz of tea; 15 lb. of sugar; 1 lb. 4 oz of candles, 4 lb. of soap; 1 qt of molasses. In addition to or as substitutes for other items, dried vegetables, fruit, pickles, or pickled cabbage might be issued (Boatner).Confederate rations were smaller in quantity but essentially the same. It was up to the soldiers to find ways of cooking their own food. The most common diet of both armies was hard bread, or â€Å"hardtack.† This was the easiest for the soldiers to carry when on the march. The hardtack cracker became an item of humor to the soldiers of both sides because it was such an outrage. With rations sometimes being issued at an irregular rate, the soldier had to turn to foraging. Turkeys, geese, chickens, ham, bread and anything edible was taken (Vasile). Some men turned into obsessive foragers, spending most of the day reinforcing their possessions in any way possible. Most of these were never to be found on the field of battle.The soldiers were not provided with summer fatigues as were during later wars. The basic uniform material was wool. The average Union soldier had to carry about fifty pounds of gear and clothing which included: a musket, bayonet, cartridge box (40 rounds), belt, cap, pouch, haversack, canteen, knapsack, blanket, shelter half, winter greatcoat, tin cup and plate, and leggings. This cost the Federal Government about forty-two dollars per man in 1861 (Vasile). The soldiers would get rid some of the more unnecessary items, but would later regret throwing away the items like the greatcoat come winter.Most of the free time w as spent writing letters home at every opportunity. It was the only method of communication with family. Some even sent home money to support their families. Mail day caused huge celebration in the camp and distress when it was delayed. Union soldiers could so to the sutler's store to barter for toiletries, canned fruit, etc at inflated prices. Confederates did not have the luxury of sutlers, which disappeared soon after the war began. Instead they depended on the generosity of folks at home or farmers and businessmen near the camps (Gettysburg).Many of the men attended church services on a regular basis and some even carried small testaments with the rest of their baggage.Discipline in the military was very strict. Petty offenses such as shirking camp duty or not keeping equipment in good order were usually treated with extra duties such as digging latrines, chopping wood, or standing extra hours on guard duty. â€Å"Bucking and gagging† was also common punishment- the soldi er’s limbs were bound and he was gagged so he could not speak. In the artillery, the guilty person might be tied to the spare wheel on the back of a caisson. Desertion, spying, treachery, murder, or threats on an officer's life were the most serious offenses to which the perpetrator was condemned to military prison or shot by a firing squad. Crimes committed against civilians were also punishable by the army and felons were executed by hanging before a formation of soldiers.The boredom of camp life, the drill, the sickness and loneliness all became secondary and seemed to be forgotten on the day of the battle. Although fighting consumed a small portion of the soldier's actual time in the service, the thought of it was never far from his mind. They were all afraid. But they were not only afraid of being killed or wounded. They also had a dread of losing their nerve in combat and running from the battlefield. This would bring shame upon themselves and their regiments (Vasile).T he lack of medical knowledge, failure to provide ample antiseptics to wounds and the horrible effects of modern weapons forced doctors to favor amputation in most cases. Unsanitary conditions existed virtually in every soldier’s camp during the war. Unsuitable or inadequate clothing, unhealthy food and contaminated water contributed to diseases. The adoption of an ambulance corps and field hospital system also helped the wounded in their time of need. Until it was established, there was no way for the wounded to be evacuated to the rear and receive proper medical care (Vasile).The end of the war in 1865 brought a welcome peace, especially for the men who served as soldiers. Armies were disbanded and regiments mustered out of service. Former soldiers returned to the farms and stores they had left so long ago

Free Essays on Weather

A tornado is defined as a violently rotating column extending from a thunderstorm to the ground. The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with wind speeds of two hundred and fifty miles per hour or more. Damage paths can be more than one mile wide and fifty miles long. In an average year, eight hundred tornadoes are reported nationwide, resulting in eighty deaths and over one thousand five hundred injuries. In the body of my essay, I will tell you about types of tornadoes, where tornadoes come from, where and when tornadoes occur, the damage they inflict, variations of tornadoes, and how to detect tornadoes. There are many types of tornadoes. The average tornado is usually split up into categories based on the strength of the tornado. Most tornadoes, about sixty nine percent 69%, are considered weak, which means they usually last between one minute and ten minutes, have winds less than one hundred and ten miles per hour, and the percent of deaths that occur during these is less than five percent. Strong tornadoes, about twenty nine percent 29%, may last about twenty minutes, have winds between one hundred and ten and two hundred and five miles per hour, and the percent of deaths that are found are about thirty percent of all tornado deaths. The last category for tornadoes is violent ones. With these comes winds greater than two hundred and five miles per hour, they can last about an hour, and have seventy percent of all deaths from tornadoes. Another type of tornado is known as a waterspout. This is a weak tornado that forms over warm water. They are most common along the Gulf Co ast and southeastern states. In the western United States, they occur with cold late fall or late winter storms, during a time when you least expect it to develop. They occasionally move inland becoming tornadoes that can cause a great deal of damage and many injuries. Most tornadoes evolve from energy. Tornadoes come fr... Free Essays on Weather Free Essays on Weather A tornado is defined as a violently rotating column extending from a thunderstorm to the ground. The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with wind speeds of two hundred and fifty miles per hour or more. Damage paths can be more than one mile wide and fifty miles long. In an average year, eight hundred tornadoes are reported nationwide, resulting in eighty deaths and over one thousand five hundred injuries. In the body of my essay, I will tell you about types of tornadoes, where tornadoes come from, where and when tornadoes occur, the damage they inflict, variations of tornadoes, and how to detect tornadoes. There are many types of tornadoes. The average tornado is usually split up into categories based on the strength of the tornado. Most tornadoes, about sixty nine percent 69%, are considered weak, which means they usually last between one minute and ten minutes, have winds less than one hundred and ten miles per hour, and the percent of deaths that occur during these is less than five percent. Strong tornadoes, about twenty nine percent 29%, may last about twenty minutes, have winds between one hundred and ten and two hundred and five miles per hour, and the percent of deaths that are found are about thirty percent of all tornado deaths. The last category for tornadoes is violent ones. With these comes winds greater than two hundred and five miles per hour, they can last about an hour, and have seventy percent of all deaths from tornadoes. Another type of tornado is known as a waterspout. This is a weak tornado that forms over warm water. They are most common along the Gulf Co ast and southeastern states. In the western United States, they occur with cold late fall or late winter storms, during a time when you least expect it to develop. They occasionally move inland becoming tornadoes that can cause a great deal of damage and many injuries. Most tornadoes evolve from energy. Tornadoes come fr...

SPECIFICS OF ILLUSTRATION ESSAY

SPECIFICS OF ILLUSTRATION ESSAY Today, we would like to focus on giving you more explanation about illustration essays. Many students are required to present research paper projects, custom essays and term papers. Illustration essays are often required to be written in all universities and colleges. Oftentimes, you are provided with the subject to write illustration assay about. The writing must start with an online research. Any illustration essay writings require to make a certain point. To make this point, you have to support it with a line of details or facts. This pattern will help you to justify and to clarify the essay point that you have chose to put an accent on.   So where to you start in providing supportive patterns? All you have to remember that your line or detail patterns should be highly appealing to the reader. This way you will help your audience to understand better what you are trying to say. If you add a point of vitality, you essay writing will definitely stand out. If you need our professional writing assistance, please, put an order or talk to our customer service representative 24/7.